Making an outline is a helpful way to plan your presentation. It helps you put your ideas in a clear order so your audience can understand them easily. Mayer’s principles can guide how you design your slides. For example, coherence means keeping slides simple and not adding extra stuff. Signaling means using arrows, bold text, or icons to show what’s important. Modality and spatial contiguity mean putting pictures and words close together and using both speech and visuals to explain ideas.

You can also use art and design principles to make your slides look clean and easy to follow. Balance and contrast help make slides clear and neat. Alignment, proximity, and repetition keep everything organized and connected. Emphasis helps the important parts stand out. Rhythm means using the same layout or style on each slide so it feels smooth.